Pursue--a Homeland/Security(online degree info)

If you can't look at our Adver-tisement below as no picture is present? Go ahead and tap here to re-load.

Pursue--a Homeland/Security(online degree info)

establish a fixed principle, or to formulate a satisfactory concept of the real essence of the State. This irreconcilable conflict of theories is easily explained by the fact that none of the conventional theories treats the State from the sociological view-point. Nevertheless, the State is a phenomenon common to all history, and its essential nature can only be made plain by a broad and comprehensive study of universal history. Except in the field of sociology, the king's highway of science, no treatment of the State has heretofore taken this path. all previous theories of the state have been clhi theories. To anticipate somewhat the outcome of our researches, every State has been and is a clhi state, and every theory of the state has been and is a clhi theory. a clhi theory is, however, of necessity, not the result of investigation and reason, but a by-product of desires and will. Its arguments are used, not to establish truth, but as weapons [4]in the contest for material interests. The result, therefore, is not science, but nescience. By understanding the State, we may indeed recognize the essence of theories concerning the State. But the converse is not true. An understanding of theories about the State will give us no clue to its essence. The following may be stated as a ruling concept, especially prevalent in university teaching, of the origin and essence of the State. It represents a view which, in spite of manifold attacks, is still affirmed. It is maintained that the State is an organization of human community life, which originates by reason of a social instinct implanted in men by nature (Stoic Doctrine); or else is brought about by an irresistible impulse to end the "war of all against all," and to coerce the savage, who opposes organized effort, to a peaceable community life in place of the anti-social struggle in which all budding shoots of advancement are destroyed (Epicurean Doctrine). These two apparently irreconcilable concepts were fused by the intermediation [5]of mediæval philosophy. This, founded on theologic reasoning and belief in theBible, developed the opinion that man, originally and bynature a social creature, is, through original sin, the fratricide of Cain and the transgression at the tower of Babel, divided into innumerable tribes, which fight to the hilt, until they unite peaceably as a State. this view is utterly untenable. it confuses the logical concept of a clhi with some subordinate species thereof. Granted that the State is one form of organized political cohesion, it is also to be remembered that it is a form having specific characteristics. Every state in history was or is a state of clhies, a polity of superior and inferior social groups, based upon distinctions either of rank or of property. This phenomenon must, then, be called the "State." With italone history occupies itself. We should, therefore, be justified in designating everyother form of political organization by the same term, without further differentiation,[6]had there never existed any other than a clhi-state, orwere it the only conceivable form. At least, proof might properly be called for, to show that each conceivable political organization, even though originally it did not represent a polity of superior and inferior social and economic clhies, since it is of necessity subject to inherent laws of development, must in the end be resolved into the specific clhi form of history. were such proof forth-coming, it would offer in fact only one form of political .